If you’re just starting out with object-oriented programming in Python, the terms class and object might sound intimidating.

But don’t worry this step-by-step guide will walk you through creating your first Python class and object with clear examples, explanations, and analogies.

By the end of this short tutorial, you’ll understand:

• What a class and object really are
• How to define a class
• How to create objects (instances)
• How to access and use attributes
• And how this all fits together in real programs

Let’s begin with a simple idea.

🧠 What Is a Class?

A class is a blueprint for creating objects.
Think of it like a cookie cutter it defines the shape, but not the actual cookie.

✅ Step 1: Define a Class

Let’s say we want to model a Dog.

class Dog:
    pass

Here, Dog is the class name.
We’ve used pass as a placeholder (so the code doesn’t break while empty).

✅ Step 2: Add a Constructor (__init__)

We want every dog to have a name and breed.
Let’s add a constructor to initialize that data.

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed

🔍 What’s going on here?

• __init__() is called automatically when you create a new dog
• self.name and self.breed are attributes tied to each dog object
• self refers to the current object (like saying “my own name is…”)

✅ Step 3: Create an Object

Now that we have a class, let’s make a real dog:

my_dog = Dog("Bruno", "Labrador")

🔍 Now you have an object named my_dog:

• my_dog.name → "Bruno"
• my_dog.breed → "Labrador"

✅ Step 4: Add a Method (Behavior)

Let’s give dogs the ability to bark:

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed

    def bark(self):
        print(f"{self.name} says: Woof!")

Now we can do:

my_dog = Dog("Bruno", "Labrador")
my_dog.bark()

Output:
Bruno says: Woof!

📋 Full Working Example

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed

    def bark(self):
        print(f"{self.name} says: Woof!")


my_dog = Dog("Bruno", "Labrador")

print("Dog’s name:", my_dog.name)
print("Breed:", my_dog.breed)

my_dog.bark()

🔁 Why Use Classes and Objects?

They let you:

• Group data and behavior into one place
• Create multiple reusable instances
• Write cleaner and more modular code